Morton’s disease, also known as Morton’s neuroma or Morton’s foot, is a painful condition that affects the ball of the foot, particularly the area between the third and fourth toes. It involves the thickening of the tissue around one of the nerves leading to the toes, causing pain, discomfort, and other symptoms.
What Causes Morton’s Disease?
The condition is often the result of increased pressure on the nerves in the foot. This pressure is typically caused by factors such as:
- Fallen Metatarsal Arch: A lowered or collapsed arch in the foot can lead to excessive stress on the digital branches of the lateral plantar nerve, which runs between the metatarsal bones (the long bones of the foot).
- Improper Footwear: Wearing tight, narrow shoes or high heels can compress the toes and contribute to nerve irritation.
- Repetitive Stress: Activities that involve frequent pressure on the ball of the foot, such as running, walking, or standing for long periods, can exacerbate the problem.
Symptoms of Morton’s Disease
The primary symptom of Morton’s disease is pain in the ball of the foot, especially between the third and fourth toes. This pain may feel sharp, burning, or tingling and can radiate into the toes. Other symptoms include:
- Numbness: Some people experience numbness in the affected toes.
- A Feeling of Having a Pebble in Your Shoe: This sensation is common among individuals with Morton’s neuroma, as the thickened tissue presses on the nerves.
- Swelling and Inflammation: The area may appear swollen, although the condition itself does not usually involve visible inflammation.
Diagnosing Morton’s Disease
A healthcare provider will typically diagnose Morton’s disease based on a patient’s symptoms and a physical examination of the foot. Sometimes, imaging tests like X-rays, ultrasounds, or MRIs may be used to rule out other conditions or confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment Options for Morton’s Disease
Treatment for Morton’s disease varies depending on the severity of the condition. Common treatment options include:
- Conservative Treatments:
- Footwear Modifications: Switching to shoes with a wider toe box, lower heels, and better arch support can relieve pressure on the affected area.
- Orthotic Inserts: Custom shoe inserts can help redistribute weight across the foot and reduce nerve compression.
- Activity Modification: Reducing high-impact activities, such as running or jumping, can help alleviate symptoms.
- Medications and Injections:
- Anti-inflammatory Medications: Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen can help reduce pain and inflammation.
- Corticosteroid Injections: In more severe cases, a doctor may recommend corticosteroid injections to reduce inflammation around the affected nerve.
- Physical Therapy:
- Stretching and strengthening exercises can help relieve pressure on the nerve and improve foot mechanics.
- Surgical Treatment:
- If conservative treatments fail, surgery may be necessary. The surgical procedure typically involves removing the thickened nerve tissue (neurectomy) or releasing the ligaments around the nerve to relieve pressure.
Preventing Morton’s Disease
To prevent Morton’s disease or reduce the risk of recurrence, individuals should:
- Wear Proper Footwear: Opt for shoes with ample room for toes, good arch support, and cushioning in the ball of the foot.
- Take Breaks from High-Impact Activities: Allow the feet to rest and recover from activities that place excessive pressure on the ball of the foot.
- Use Orthotics: Custom orthotic inserts can provide support and prevent the development of Morton’s neuroma.
Conclusion
Morton’s disease, or Morton’s neuroma, is a painful condition that can significantly impact daily activities. Early diagnosis and treatment can help manage symptoms and prevent the condition from worsening. By taking care of your feet and using proper footwear, you can reduce the risk of developing Morton’s disease and enjoy a pain-free life. If symptoms persist or worsen, consult a healthcare professional for appropriate intervention.