Spastic gait is a type of walking pattern characterized by stiffness in the legs, plantarflexion of the feet, and a distinctive movement technique known as circumduction. This gait pattern results from increased muscle tone, or spasticity, which limits the normal range of motion and coordination of the legs.
In spastic gait:
- The legs are often stiff and may appear rigid due to the spasticity in the muscles.
- The feet are typically in a plantarflexed position, meaning the toes point downward.
- Movements are often made by swinging the leg in a circular motion (circumduction) to compensate for the limited flexibility and range of motion.
- There may be noticeable toe dragging with each step due to the decreased ability to lift the foot fully off the ground.
This type of gait is commonly seen in individuals with neurological disorders such as cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, or after a stroke, where spasticity and muscle control issues impact normal walking patterns. Management of spastic gait often involves physical therapy, medications to reduce spasticity, and sometimes surgical interventions to improve mobility and quality of life.